CSE Plants Southern Turkey, 2008.

If plant images are available they may be viewed by clicking on the purple CSE plant number.

CSE Plant No.	Site No.	Species	Description
08001T	08/01T	C. cilicium	Representative of the most Eastern site.
08027T	08/04T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08028T	08/04T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08029T	08/04T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08030T	08/04T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08059T	08/05T	C. cilicium	Representative of the site.
08060T	08/06T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08061T	08/06T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08062T	08/08T	C. cilicium	Representative of the site and good pattern.
08063T	08/09T	C. cilicium	Good leaf pattern.
08064T	08/10T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08065AT	08/10T	C. cilicium	Good leaf, strong pattern.
08065BT	08/10T	C. cilicium	Good leaf, strong pattern.
08066T	08/10T	C. cilicium	Good leaf pattern.
08067T	08/10T	C. cilicium	Silver leaf with small dark centre.
08068T	08/10T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08069T	08/10T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08070T	08/10T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern with hastate centre.
08071T	08/10T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern with hastate centre.
08072T	08/10T	C. cilicium	Very bright silver with hastate centre. Looks like C. coum but has not set seed.
08119T	08/11T	C. cilicium	Representative of site, flowers with good twist.
08120T	08/12T	C. cilicium	Almost white flower with red nose.
08121T	08/13T	C. cilicium	Good leaf pattern.
08122T	08/14T	C. cilicium	Good leaf pattern.
08123T	08/14T	C. cilicium	Good silvered leaf pattern.
08192T	08/15T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern.
08193T	08/16T	C. cilicium	Large flowers
08194T	08/17T	C. cilicium	Good leaf pattern, large flowers.
08195T	08/17T	C. cilicium	Silvered leaf pattern, dark hastate centre.
08196T	08/18T	C. cilicium	Deep pink flower – very floriferous, good leaf pattern.
08197T	08/18T	C. cilicium	Very deep pink flower.
08225T	08/19T	C. cilicium	Dark pink flower.
08226T	08/20T	C. cilicium	Tall elegant flower with good twist.
08227T	08/20T	C. cilicium	Good leaf pattern.
08228T	08/20T	C. cilicium	Good silvered leaf pattern with dark hastate centre.
08229T	08/21T	C. cilicium	Silver leaf with dark cordate centre.
08230T	08/21T	C. cilicium	Very large, fairly dark pink flower.
08231T	08/21T	C. cilicium	Came up with 08230T.
08232T	08/21T	C. cilicium	Came up with 08230T.
08265T	08/22T	C. cilicium	Dark pink flowers, scented.
08266T	08/22T	C. cilicium	Dark pink flower.
08267T	08/22T	C. cilicium	Large flower.
08300T	08/24T	C. cilicium	Very dark pink flower.
08301T	08/25T	C. cilicium	Good leaf.
08302T	08/25T	C. cilicium	Came up with 08301T, dark pink flower.
08309T	08/26T	C. cilicium	Dark pink flower, very floriferous.
08310T	08/28T	C. cilicium	Dark pink flower and good leaf pattern.
08311T	08/28T	C. cilicium	Fairly large flower with brad petals (floral trunk detached during collection).
08312T	08/28T	C. cilicium	Very large flower.
08313T	08/28T	C. cilicium	Dark pink flower.
08348T	08/29T	C. cilicium	Mid pink good sized flower, good twist.
08349T	08/29T	C. cilicium	Elegant flower, good twist.
08350T	08/29T	C. cilicium	Deep pink flower.
08351T	08/29T	C. cilicium	Deep pink flower.
08352T	08/29T	C. cilicium	Deep pink flower, good twist.
08353T	08/29T	C. cilicium	Flower with good twist.
08354T	08/30T	C. cilicium	Very pale flower.
08355T	08/30T	C. cilicium	Vary tall flower with good twist.
08356T	08/31T	C. cilicium	Very large flower.
08357T	08/31T	C. cilicium	Large flower, good twist.
08418T	08/32T	C. maritimum	Silver centred leaf – very bright.
08419T	08/32T	C. maritimum	Came up with 08418T, same leaf pattern.
08420T	08/32T	C. maritimum	Silver centred leaf pattern.
08421T	08/32T	C. maritimum	Silver centred leaf pattern.
08422T	08/32T	C. maritimum	Pointed leaf, silvery centre.
08423T	08/33T	C. cilicium	Deep pink flower.
08424T	08/33T	C. cilicium	Good leaf for site.
08425T	08/33T	C. cilicium	Very long flower.

CSE Sites in Southern Turkey, 2008.

If site images are available they may be viewed by clicking on the purple site number.

08/01T
2/11/08. Along road to Ala Dag, 1.6km south of village.
Altitude: 927m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 20°-45°, Soil Type: Stony clay. Aspect: North-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Scrub and low shrub on hillside with colony extending to Platanus orientalis, Very stony soil over limestone Growing Conditions: Shaded by bushes or trees on a sloping site.
Associated Plants: Platanus orientalis, Quercis coccifera, Styrax officinallis, Phlomis longifolia, Juniperus communis, Laurus nobilis, Daphne sericea, Echinops spinosissimus, Crocus cancellatus, Rubus sanctus, Micromeria sp., Kickxia lanigera.

08/02T
2/11/08. On road from Ala Dag to Kamişli, past Kökez toward Soǵukoluk.
Altitude: 1062m, Shade: 60%, Slope: 10°, Soil Type: Shaley clay. Aspect: South-east to East.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Coniferous woodland of Pinus nigra and Pinus halepensis. Growing Conditions: Open woodland floor with scattered Juniperus communis, Quercus pubescens and Styrax officinallis.
Associated Plants: Crocus cancellatus, Alyssum saxatile, Alyssum sp., Dianthus strictus, Fumana thymifolia.

08/03T
2/11/08. On road between Gerdibi and Karakuz.
Altitude: 988m, Shade: 75%, Slope: 10°, Soil Type: Sandy clay. Aspect: South-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Pinus halepensis woodland. Growing Conditions: Scattered plants amongst sparse woodland floor plants.
Associated Plants: Styrax officinallis, Pinus halepensis, some sparse grasses, ?Compositae/Asteraceae – upright clump forming perennial 30-40cm, silver rosette forming plant to 15cm.

08/04T
3/11/08. On minor road to Karakuz.
Altitude: 1090m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 10°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: South-west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Pinus halepensis woodland. Growing Conditions: Partial shade under pines, but not growing in dense woodland, very stony soil on limestone.
Associated Plants: Crocus cancellatus, Quercus pubescens, Pinus halepensis, Juniperus communis, Teucrium sp., Asphodeline ?liburnica, Rumex sp., Helianthemum sp., Dianthus sp.

08/05T
4/11/08. Cilician gates pass, forest road leading west off old road from Akçatekir towards Adana mersin
Altitude: 1516m, Shade: 75%, Slope: 45°, Soil Type: Stony brown clay. Aspect: South south-west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Pinus woodland – probably largely planted, limestone and metamorphic rocks intermingled. Growing Conditions: Wooded slopes just above a seasonal stream/river. Small population at edge of dense planted woodland. Pine needle layer over soil.
Associated Plants: Crocus cancellatus, Pinus halepensis, Juniperus communis, Asphodeline ?liburnica, Origanum sp., Epipactis ?helleborine.

08/06T
4/11/08. Forest track heading down from site 5 toward Akçatekir, 2km from junction with road.
Altitude: 1388m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 30°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: East north-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Boulder strewn slope in opening of Pinus halepensis woodland, limestone and conglomerate rocks. Growing Conditions: Nestling amongst rocks and shrub base, thin pine needle layer on soil, small population in more open area.
Associated Plants: Crocus cancellatus, Pinus halepensis, Juniperus communis, Marrubium ?glomeratum, Asphodeline ?liburnica, Rosa sp., Nepeta ?cataria, Ceterach officinarum, Cornus sanguinea.

08/07T
4/11/08. Forest road further along from site 6, 8.5km from junction with Akçatekir to Adana road.
Altitude: 1670m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 10°-20°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: South-west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: At edge of stunted Pinus halepensis woodland, Plants growing in deep limestone crevices. Growing Conditions: Plants in deep crevices of massive limestone boulders, otherwise site exposed to full sun.
Associated Plants: Pinus halepensis, Juniperus communis, Marrubium globusum, Euphorbia rigida, Juniperus communis, Daphne Oleiodes, Rosularia globularifolia, Geranium sp., Ajuga chamaepitys.

08/08T
5/11/08. On road south of Akçatekir into Cilician Gates, 7.7km North of Güler, 2.8km North of Kandilsirti Geçidi.
Altitude: 1323m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 35°, Soil Type: Deep brown sandy clay. Aspect: West.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Sparse Juniper woodland on East side of road amongst rocks and massive limestone boulders. Growing Conditions: Plants in crevices of limestone rocks, some plants also on East facing slope, on West side of road under Pinus & Juniperus. Heavily used by sheep/goats.
Associated Plants: Juniperus excelsa, Paliurus spina-christi, Asphodeline liburnica, Teucrium polium, Stachys sp., Salvia aethiopis, Ranunculus asiaticus, Poterium verrucosum.

08/09T
5/11/08. On Gülek Kalesi road above Gülek on Akçatekir – Mersin road.
Altitude: 1249m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 30°, Soil Type: Gravelly sandy clay. Aspect: West.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Plants in open where shaded or in crevices between and under rocks where exposed. Growing Conditions: Plants in open where shaded or in crevices between and under rocks where exposed.
Associated Plants: Pinus halepensis, Crocus cancellatus, Quercus coccifera, Styrax officinallis, Juniperus communis, Pistacia terebinthus, a few grasses and Carex sp.

08/10T
5/11/08. Road to Çamliyayla, as it passes over bridge on lake, population on South side of lake only.
Altitude: 448m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 10°-45°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: North north-west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Shallow slope of limestone boulders and rocks steepening to roadside, shaded in part by mature Pinus halepensis. Growing Conditions: Plants between rocks in crevices and in more open situations where shaded from midday sun by pines.
Associated Plants: Pinus halepensis, Crocus cancellatus, Quercus coccifera, Styrax officinallis, Pistacia terebinthus, Calamintha nepeta, Plumbago europaea, Verbena officinalis, Andrachne telephioides, Stachys sp., Cercis siliquastrum, Dianthus strictus, Carpinus orientalis, Anagallis arvensis, Ceterach officinarum, Umbilicus rupestris, Cistus creticus, Teucrium chamaedrys, Smilax aspera, Origanum majorana, Stellaria media, Galium aparine, Ruscus aculeatus.

08/11T
6/11/08. Mersin to Gözne road at Kirmizi restaurant.
Altitude: 766m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 22°, Soil Type: Dark brown clay. Aspect: North to North-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Massive limestone with some loose rocks with C. cilicium growing in crevices and soil pockets amongst rock. Growing Conditions: Scattered shrubs across site giving additional shade.
Associated Plants: Juniperus excelsa, Crocus cancellatus, Quercus coccifera, Scilla (prospera) autumnalis, Dianthus anatolicus, Smilax aspera, Pistacia terebinthus, Calamintha nepeta, C. grandiflora, Plumbago europaea, Phillyrea latifolia, Urginea maritima, Arum ?conophalloides, Sedum sp., Erodium sp., Ceterach officinarum, Umbilicus rupestris.

08/12T
6/11/08. On road through Gözne going North between lower and upper sections of town.
Altitude: 111m, Shade: 30-60%, Slope: 65°, Soil Type: Red shaley clay. Aspect: South-west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Very steep slope on metamorphic rock with shale layers, rusty red in colour, above valley. Growing Conditions: Occasional shrubs provide shade to some but not all plants, plants either under shrubs or between small rocks.
Associated Plants: Juniperus communis, Styrax officinallis, Quercus coccifera, Q. pubescens, Rosa sp., Lonicera ?etrusca, Clematis viticella, Populus tremula, Cornus sanguinea, Rubus sanctus, Salvia officinalis, Eurphorbia sp., Spiranthes sp.

08/13T
6/11/08. West of Değirmendere on road toward Güzelyayla, by streamside water tap and parking area.
Altitude: 816m, Shade: 75%, Slope: 65°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: East north-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Steep slope to roadside, opposite is a stream bed with mature Platanus orientalis on limestone with some metamorphic rocks. Growing Conditions: Densely shaded woodland with thick understorey of shrubs, C. cilicium on steep rocky slope to road and a few at streamside.
Associated Plants: Juniperus communis, Pinus halepensis, Acer monspessulanum, Quercus coccifera, Q. pubescens, Styrax officinallis, Rosa sp., Platanus orientalis, Carpinus orientalis, Lamium maculatum, Taraxacum officinale, Crataegus azarolus, Rubus sanctus, Verbena officinalis, Plantago major, Fibigia clypeata, Crocus cancellatus, Ceterach officinarum, Osyris alba, Salvia officinalis, Rubia peregrina, Daphne sericea.

08/14T
6/11/08. On road 3km beyond Güzelyayla, on Arslanköy road. 1.2km before junction to Çağlarca.
Altitude: 1212m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 45°, Soil Type: Sandy clay. Aspect: South west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Plants restricted to small rock clefts and within Quercis coccifera scrub on heavily ‘goated’ limestone slope littered with loose rocks. Growing Conditions: Plants in shaded shrub bases, probably due to extreme grazing pressure, rather than shade requirement. Heavily manured by goats.
Associated Plants: Juniperus drupacea, Quercus coccifera, Daphne sericea, Salvia officinallis, S. aethiopis, Paliurus spina-christi, Euphorbia rigida, Crocus cancellatus, Asphodelus ?aestivus, Teucrium polium, Mercurialis annua.

08/15T
7/11/08. Mersin to Findikpinari road, immediately below Kuzucubelen village.
Altitude: 662m, Shade: 75%, Slope: 27°, Soil Type: Dark brown sandy clay. Aspect: North-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Wooded slope above and below road shaded by pines over massive limestone. Growing Conditions: Road widening removed much of tree cover and many plants suffering in exposure, other in shade of shrubs or rocks.
Associated Plants: Pinus halepensis, Quercus coccifera, Salvia officinalis, Pistacia terebinthus, Mercurialis annua, Bellis sylvestris, Styrax officinallis, Cistus creticus, Laurus nobilis, Dianthus strictus, Dittrichia viscosa, Origanum sp., Crocus cancellatus, Ceterach officinarum, Hypericum sp., Smilax aspera, Andrachne telephioides, Lotus ?edulis, Arbutos andrachne, Aparagus acutifolius.

08/16T
7/11/08. At village sign for Demirisik Köyö above Findikpinari on side road to Aslanköy.
Altitude: 1267m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 10°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: East.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Gentle slope with occasional limestone outcrops and rocks below massive limestone outcrop with Pine and Juniper. Growing Conditions: Plants in shade of rocks or in base of shrubs in goat grazed pasture.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Juniperus communis, Salvia sp., Stachys sp., Kohlrauschia velutina, Styrax officinallis, Frodium sp., Rosa sempervirens, Onosma ?taurica, Ruscus aculeatus, short grasses and germinating annuals.

08/17T
7/11/08. On forest road between Findikpinari and Tepeköy (Junction of forest road 7.8km from Sarilar Köyü).
Altitude: 1499m, Shade: 75%, Slope: 45°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay amongst 75% stones. Aspect: East south-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Scree slope in clearing between planted spruce on limestone. Growing Conditions: Plants with layer of scree limestone and also areas with no stone covering, but shaded by bracken on edges of woodland.
Associated Plants: Picea abies, Juniperus excelsa, J. drupacea, Pteridum aquilinum, Cornus sanguinea, Alyssum saxatile, Sambucus ebulus, Verbascum sp., Smyrnium perfoliatum, Astragalus spruneri, Prunus domestica, Pinus halepensis, Styrax officinallis, Galium aparine, Fraxinus ornus, Acer monspessulanum, Rosa sempervirens, Erysimum sp., Euphorbia rigida.
Note: Dense population but 90% not in flower, leaf only.

08/18T
7/11/08. On roadside just beyond forest road junction to site 17, 6.5km from Sarilar Köyü on road to Tepeköy.
Altitude: 1262m, Shade: 10-50%, Slope: 30°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: South-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Limestone rock strewn slope at edge of Pinus halepensis woodland above road. Growing Conditions: Plants between rocks and out in open situations in stony soil amongst herbaceous plants.
Associated Plants: Pinus halepensis, Quercus coccifera, Styrax officinallis, Alyssum saxatile, Euphorbia rigida, Cistus creticus, Asphodelus ?aestivus, Xanthium spinosum.

08/19T
8/11/08. Erdemli to Gözeloluk road, ½km south of Aslanli village.
Altitude: 751m, Shade: 10-50%, Slope: 10°, Soil Type: Terra rossa. Aspect: South-west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Shallow slope site on limestone, or deep red-brown soil with scattered rocks. Growing Conditions: Plants in open and in rock crevices, some in shade of scattered Quercus coccifera.
Associated Plants: Daphne sericea, Quercus coccifera, Poterium verrucosum, Laurus nobilis, Thymus sp., Cistus creticus, Pistacia terebinthus, Smilax aspera.
Note: Population of C. cilicium continues from this point almost continuously to Avgadi.

08/20T
8/11/08. On road from Yağda to Küstülü, north of Erdemli, just north of Tabureli.
Altitude: 1171m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 27°, Soil Type: Brown shaley soil. Aspect: North-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Limestone bluff with scrub and occaisional trees on less steep sections above road. Growing Conditions: Plants in shrub basses where grazing reduced in shallow stony soil.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Q. pubescens, Juniperus communis, J. micromeria, Satureja montana, ?Asperula sp., Cistus creticus, Aethionema saxatile, Styrax officinallis, Verbascum sp., Polygala sp., Lotus ?edulis, Pistacia terebinthus, Poterium verrucosum, Reseda lutea, Erodium moschatum.

08/21T
8/11/08. Dirt track in deep ravine off Yağda to Küstülü road, north of Erdemli/Kizkalesi, just north of Hüsametli Köyü.
Altitude: 644m, Shade: 80%, Slope: 67°, Soil Type: Light brown shaley clay. Aspect: North.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Very steep scree beneath sheer limestone cliffs in deep gorge. Growing Conditions: Plants in open positions amongst stones and large rocks, but aspect means semi-permanent shade.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Juniperus communis, Cistus creticus, Arbutus andrachne, Dianthus anatolicus, Verbascum sp., Staehelina sp., Dittrichia graveolens, Pistacia terebinthus, Smilax aspera.

08/22T
9/11/08. Off minor road north of Kizkalesi, before Sömek Köyü.
Altitude: 775m, Shade: 10-50%, Slope: 0°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: Variable.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Level site of open grassy patches, exposed limestone and scattered clumps of scrub. Occasional quartz rocks and some massive stones with quartz veins. Growing Conditions: Cyclamen growing beneath shrubs, at rock bases and in small scree areas in shade and exposed to easterly sun. Little leaf debris.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Phlomis sp., Laurus nobilis, Juniperus oxycedrus, Cistus creticus, Arbutus andrachne, Dianthus strictus, Daphne sericea, Styrax officinalis, Clematis cirrhosa, Pistacia terebinthus, Asparagus acutifolius, Ruscus aculeatus, Paliurus spina-christi, Phillyrea latifolia.

08/23T
9/11/08. Site on both sides of road west of Sömek Köyü on road toward Cambazlı.
Altitude: 954m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 14°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: South-west and North-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Rock strewn gentle slopes on either side of minor road, with dense scrub. Heavily grazed. Growing Conditions: Plants within shrub bases in shallow leaf litter layer and clay soil.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Phillyrea latifolia, Juniperus communis, Cistus creticus, Pistacia terebinthus, Aethionema saxatile, Muscari sp.

08/24T
9/11/08. Roadside slope on road to Keşlitürkmenli shortly before road junction at Ovacik
Altitude: 840m, Shade: 50-70%, Slope: 22°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: East and North.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Limestone slope with stony soil and thin leaf litter layer, dense scrub. Promontory with East and North faces, plants on both. Growing Conditions: Plants within shrub bases, at rock clefts and bases, occasionally in open.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Phillyrea latifolia, Juniperus oxycedrus, Paliurus spina-christi, Pistacia terebinthus, Cistus creticus, Genista sphaeralcea, Styrax officinalis, Osiris alba, ?Muscari comosum, Helianthemum sp., Occasional grasses, Scabiosa sp. like Scabiosa labiate on rocks.

08/25T
9/11/08. Unmade track off road from Silifke to Kirobasi.
Altitude: 1029m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 10°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: South-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Limestone slope with frequent boulders and loose rocks, low goat grazed scrub. Growing Conditions: Plants in shrub bases, rock clefts, rarely in open, growing in stony soil with little leaf debris.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Phillyrea latifolia, Juniperus communis, Paliurus spina-christi, Pistacia terebinthus, Styrax officinalis, Verbascum sp., Daphne sericea, Arbutus unedo, Teucrium polium, ?Labiate sp., ?Lygos raetam, occasional Pinus halepensis.

08/26T
9/11/08. On dirt road off Silifke to Kirobasi road, by unnamed hamlet. namedvillage at exit of road is Imamlı.
Altitude: 981m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 22°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: East.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Gentle slope of massive limestones with loose rocks and pebbles, Phlomis and Quercus scrub. Growing Conditions: Plants at base of large rocks exposed to easterly direction, on brown stony soil or in shrub bases.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Phlomis sp., Phillyrea latifolia, Xanthium spinosum, Geranium ?molle, Arum ?conophalloides.
Note: Population continues sporadically westward to 650m altitude, above Demircili on Silifke to Kirobasi road.

08/27T
10/11/08. On road from Mut to Gülnar, on North side of highest point on road.
Altitude: 1055m, Shade: 75%, Slope: 35°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: North north-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Limestone slope above sandstone layer in valley below. Frequent massive stones and rocks with scrub and occasional Juniper and Pine. Growing Conditions: Plants in open amongst rocks and small stones with some Pine debris.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Q. pubescens, Quecus sp., Pinus halepensis, Juniperus drupacea, J. excelsa, Tulipa ?humilis, Aethionema saxitile, Verbascum sp., Achillea sp., Rubia peregrina, Styrax officinalis, Rosularia globulariflora, Astragalus sp., Plumbago europaea, Crataegus azarolus, Lonicera ?etrusca, Unknown (Silver cordate leaves, present in basal rosette and on flower stem between congested groups of flowers).

08/28T
10/11/08. On road from Mut to Gülnar, beyond crest of hills from site 27, on south side of highest point.
Altitude: 1082m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 11°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: South-east & North-west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Limestone slope of massive stones and loose rocks, scrub but little ground flora ?due to grazing. Growing Conditions: Plants in basses of shrubs and amongst rocks in soil with leaf litter layer.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Q. pubescens, Juniperus drupacea, Pistacia terebinthus, Styrax officinalis, Biarum sp., Verbascum sp., Helianthemum sp., Santolina chamaecyparissus, Fraxinus ornus, Crocus ?cancellatus.
Note: Plants on north-west slope in full leaf and with few remaining flowers. Those on south-east slope in flower with barely enlarged leaves. Pinus halepensis on hilltop to south-east.

08/29T
11/11/08. North of Aydincik on road to Gülnar, approximately halfway along road.
Altitude: 660m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 10°, Soil Type: Shaley brown sandy clay. Aspect: South-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Gentle sloping site on limestone with massive intrusions and loose rocks. Some trees and scrub. Growing Conditions: Plants in open amongst rocks and in shrub bases, little evidence of grazing. Leaf litter present under trees and shrubs, but not in great quantities.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Q. aegilops, Juniperus drupacea, Pistacia terebinthus, Styrax officinalis, Euphorbia rigida, Daphne gnidium, Asphodelus sp., Verbascum sinuatum, Smilax aspera, Anagyris foetida, Pisum sativum, Onosma ?taurica, Ephedra fragilis, Phlomis ?fruticosa, Erodium cicutarium, Genista sphacelata, Poterium verrucosum, Asphodeline ?liburnica, Silene italica, Crocus sp., ?Prunus/Malus Sp.
Note: Population continues for at least 500m along both sides of road.

08/30T
11/11/08. Along Aydincik to Gülnar road, approximately 3km from site 29, approximately 1km before Menekşe river bridge.
Altitude: 746m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 10°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: North-east.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Open scrub covered slopes along both sides of road on massive limestone and loose rocks. Growing Conditions: Plants in shrub bases and at bottom of rocks, some competition from grasses amongst loose stones. Little leaf debris.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Q. aegilops, Pistacia terebinthus, Styrax officinalis, Daphne gnidium, Asphodelus ?aestivus, Phlomis ?fruticosa, Dianthus strictus, Genista sp., Silene sp., Crocus sp., Phillyrea latifolia, Eryngium sp.
Note: Population is continuous with site 29.

08/31T
11/11/08. Dirt track off road from Akdere, North into the hills.
Altitude: 894m, Shade: 75%, Slope: 5°, Soil Type: Light sandy clay. Aspect: South-west.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Gently sloping site of open pasture and limestone intrusions with loose rock and scrub patches. Growing Conditions: Plants in shrub bases where grazing allows survival. Soil very sandy compared to other sites.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Q. ?pubescens, Paliurus spina-christi, Styrax officinalis, Phillyrea latifolia, Daphne sericea, Asphodelus sp., Phlomis sp., Hyceris scabra, Astragalus sp., Malus sp. (Lanceolate leaves), Erodium cicutarium, Teucrium polium, Eryngium sp., Thymus sp., Arum ?conophalloides, Muscari/Bellevalia sp., Astragalus sp., Poterium verrucosum, Silybum marianum.

08/32T
12/11/08. Off coast road approximately 8km west of Taşucu in dry river course, river running South-east. Also on hillside above 3.2km East of Boğsak.
Altitude: 27-80m, Shade: 20%, Slope: 45°, Soil Type: Terra rossa. Aspect: South-west.
Species: Cyclamen maritmum.
Habitat: River bed of mixed boulders and smaller stones with pockets of soil in which shrubs established, also on steeply sloping hillside above. Growing Conditions: Plants within stones and in clefts amongst larger rocks. Little if any leaf debris, most plants on hillside above river.
Associated Plants: Phillyrea latifolia, Ceratonia siliqua, Olea europaea, Calicotome villosa, Phagnalon graecum, Rubia peregrina, Ephedra fragilis, Cochicum sp., Urginea maritima, Pistacia terebinthus, Asparagus acutifolius, Bryonia cretica, Prospera autumnalis, Narcissus serotinus, Lupinus sp., Micromeria ?juliana.
Notes: Numerous plants at higher elevation but relatively few at lowest point, suggesting they have been washed downstream. Population extends discontinuously west.

08/33T
12/11/08. On East side of village of Balandiz, facing into village.
Altitude: 836m, Shade: 50%, Slope: 45°, Soil Type: Light brown loamy sand. Aspect: West.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Steep slope on limestone with occasional Pinus halepensis and loose stones. Growing Conditions: Plants in shrub bases, near rocks and occasionally in open. Thin leaf and pine needle layer over very sandy soil.
Associated Plants: Pinus halepensis, Quercus coccifera, Anagyra foetida, Phlomis sp.,Crocus ?cancellatus, Paliurus spina-christi, Cistus creticus, Daphne sericea, Michauxia campanuloides, Origanum ?majorana, Coronilla emerus, Ruscus aculeatus, Hyoseris scabra, Onosma ?taurica, Ephedra fragilis, Asparagus acutifolius, Micromeria ?juliana, Prunus ?dulcis, Muscari sp., Teucrium chamaedrys, Poterium verrucosum, Salvia officinalis, Allium sp., Silene italica, Unknown (Bilberry like short shrub with trifoliate leaves and black berries).
Notes: At boundary of Limestone (above) and sandstone strata. C. cilicium not found into the sandstone layer.

08/34T
13/11/08. Dirt track off road from Çokak East immediately below village of Kuşçular.
Altitude: 848m, Shade: 75%, Slope: 22°, Soil Type: Brown sandy clay. Aspect: East.
Species: Cyclamen cilicium.
Habitat: Limestone slope of massive rock, loose boulders and stones with low shrub cover. Growing Conditions: Plants in crevices at rock bases and under shrubs in soil with shallow leaf litter.
Associated Plants: Quercus coccifera, Laurus nobilis, Helianthemum sp., Daphne sericea, Crocus cancellatus, Juniperus communis, Salvia officinalis, teucrium chamaedrys, Geranium ?rotundifolium.
Note: Population extends from site 1.5km to edge of village, virtually without a break.

---

Acknowledgements. The team would like to thank Prof Dr Neriman Ozhatay for her support and advice, and for the tireless way that she acted on our behalf to try and obtain the necessary permissions for our studies. Evrim Tabur for her enthusiastic efforts in the field, her companionship, her sense of humour and her tolerance of a group of fanatical middle-aged English guys.
We would like to thank the various bodies involved in the issue of CITES export and import licences and of phytosanitary certificates. These include the technical committee of TAGEM (the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture), the CITES licensing office of Animal Health at Defra, TARIM (the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture’s research organisation) for permission to collect plants in 2008, and the Plant Health inspection team at East Midlands airport in the UK. We would also like to thank Bob and Rannwig Wallis for sharing with us information from their trips with Ronald and Erna Frank.