16/04/97 Bileçik province. Bilecik to Bozuyuk road, south of
Bilecik. Alt. 10m. Shade 0-90%, Aspect: West; Slope: 10-15º; Soil: Humus
rich. Flat meadow-like area on terrace less than 2m above road on left side
going south, and banks to 10-15º. Most Cyclamen in dappled shade, moist,
soil with significant humus content (up to 50%).
Cyclamen coum
growing with: Primula vulgaris, Cornus mas, Viola odorata.
17/04/97 Denizli province. Near Buyuk Kanak on road to Acipayam. Alt. 35m. Shade: 0%; Aspect: Northeast; Slope: 20º; Soil pH: 7.7; Soil: Limestone scree with thick muddy layer below - wet. Open aspect in scree of limestone, formed by small talus slopes at foot of cliff. Some limestone modified partly to marble. Growing conditions moist & sunny. Coarse scree on top of fine material. Last of melting snow patches present. Many plants at extreme foot of talus not in flower. Goat droppings. A site for Cyclamen trochopteranthum with apparently good regeneration. Another population was observed 0.5km to west, growing in soil derived from serpentine. No associated plants on scree, but Juniperus and Phillyrea scrub on adjacent bluffs.
20/04/97 Mugla province. Northwest of Mugla, just beyond Yatagan, west
of road to Aydin, up forestry track. Slope: 20 - 30º; Soil pH: 6.9; Soil:
Humus rich red soil over serpentine. Open glades of Pinus brutia. Lush
growing conditions with streams coming down slope.
Cyclamen
trochopteranthum growing with: Anenome pavonina, Lavendula stoechas.
19/04/97 Mugla province. On southern arm of Marmaris Peninsula, north
of castle at end of peninsula. Alt. 0-270m. Shade: 0-100%; Slope 0-30º;
Soil: Terra Rossa between rocks. Habitat: Rock crevices in deep shade under
trees. All aspects. Cyclamen petered out when conditions changed to 'soil with
rocks' rather than 'rock with soil in crevices', and grass started.
Cyclamen persicum growing with: Pistacio terebinthus, Quercus
coccifera, Anacamptis pyramidalis albus, Urginea maritima, Narcissus tazetta
20/04/97 Mugla province. On Datça branch of the Marmaris
Peninsula, some 20-30km from Marmaris. Same location as site 99/06T. Alt. 350m.
Shade: 90%; Aspect: South; Slope: 35°; Soil: Rich humus, derived from
serpentine. Low scrub to 2.3m. Growing below low underscrub, moist, but this
was possibly due to recent heavy rain.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum
growing with: Cupressus sempervirens, Arbutus andrachne, Cistus salvifolius,
Genista sp., Euphorbia acanthothamnos, Anthemis sp., Phillyrea latifolia,
Ruscus sp., Fritillaria forbesii, Lilium candidum.
20/04/97 Mugla province. On southern branch of Marmaris Peninsula, near
Kastabos, on Bozburun to Marmaris road. Alt. 40m Aspect: West; Soil: Humus rich
red soil over limestone. Growing on lower areas of slope, where possibly there
was more moisture. Most leaves of C. hederifolium were large, similar to
those of Crete and other islands.
Cyclamen hederifolium growing
with: Pinus brutia, Pistacio, Styrax officianalis, Myrtus communis, Smilax
aspera.
20/04/97 Mugla province. On Road 400 leading north from Marmaris. Alt. 75m. Shade 95-100%; Aspect: East and West; Slope 0-10°; Soil pH: 7.2; Soil: Derived from limestone. Habitat: Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing in Pinus brutia and Smilax aspera woodland, with Styrax and Liquidamber, near stream. Growing conditions: Rather dry on slope near river, wetter on east facing side. Soil rich with pine needle humus. Little understorey other than grass.
20/04/97 Mugla province. East-southeast of Mugla. Sandras Dag, above village of Agla. Alt. 130m. Shade: 50%; Aspect: South; Slope: 20-30°; Soil pH: 7.2, pH of stream water 8.4; Soil: Heavy red soil derived from Serpentine. Open woodland, very sparse ground cover. Cyclamen very sparse. Probably very dry in normal circumstances, but heavy rain had fallen two days previously. Soil humus-rich with pine needles. Cyclamen trochopteranthum in mixed Pinus brutia and P. nigra woodland. Very sparse understorey with Quercus coccifera.
20/04/97 Mugla province. East-southeast of Mugla. Sandras Dag, above village of Agla. Alt. 1670m. Open woodland. Shade: 20%; Aspect: West; Slope: 10°; Soil pH: 7.3; Soil: Serpentine derived soil with pine needles. Soil moist. Exposed slopes. Drifts of late snow. Cyclamen trochopteranthum under Pinus nigra with virtually no understorey.
21/04/97 Mugla province. Mendes Dag, near Fethiye. Alt. 1440m. Shade:
100%; Aspect: North; Slope: 10-90°; Soil pH: 8.3; Soil type: Rich red soil
over limestone. North facing cliffs and slopes thinly covered by mainly
Cedrus libani. Moist soil in crevices, on ledges and under Cedar. Heavy
soil, humus rich. A large population.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum
growing with: Phlomis fruticosa, Quercus coccifera, Colchicum macrophyllum,
Sternbergia candida, Chionodoxa forbesii, Cedrus libani, Juniperus
foetidissima, Gagea sp., Corydalis ?wendelboi
21/04/97 Mugla province. Erin Dag, on road 350, northeast from Fethiye.
Alt. 1310m. Shade: 0-100%; Aspect: East; Slope: 10-15°; Soil: Limestone
& Metamophic. Growing conditions: Good.
Cyclamen
trochopteranthum growing with: Daphne gnidioides, Quercus coccifera,
Juniperas sp., Pinus nigra, Euphorbia rigida, Phlomis fruticosa
22/04/97 Mugla province. Near Camkyusii, east of Kemer. Alt. 1650m..
Shade: 0-90%; Aspect: West; Slope: 30º; Soil pH: 9.2; Soil Type: Fine loam
+ Cedar litter. Deep dark brown moist soil mixed with cedar needles, beneath
cedars/junipers out into open scree in clearings. Cyclamen vary in site
position from dense shade under roots of junipers to open scree. Population 10m
x 10m (core 50m in diameter).
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing
with: Cedrus libani, Juniperus ?excelsa, Corydalis ?wendelboi, Anenome
blanda, Gagea sp.
22/04/97 Antalya province. Sinekcibeli gec, between Kas and Elmali. Alt.
1490m. Shade: 20-30%; Aspect: All aspects at top of pass; Slope: 0-10º;
Soil pH: 10.1; Soil Type: Rich from limestone & brechia with pine needle
and grass humus. Open forest, exposed and very dry in summer. Plants past
flowering and thinly scattered in all aspects.
Cyclamen
trochopteranthum growing with: Juniperus encelsa, Cedrus libani, Viola
heldreichii, Phlomis fruticosa, Euphorbia cochiane, Veronica lyrica, Aubrietia
deltoide, Gaea sp.,
22/04/97 Antalya province. Karaovabeli Gec south of Akcay between Kas
and Elmali. Alt. 1580m. Shade: 0-75%; Aspect: North-west; Slope: 35-45º;
Soil pH: 9.2; Soil Type: Loam with Cedar needles on limestone. Open
Cedrus/Juniperus forest (more open because of thinning). Moist
soil in scree and under rocks & boles of trees. Good leaf patterns here,
flowers rather large.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with:
Cedrus libani, Juniperus ?foetida, Eranthis cilicica, Geranium tuberosum,
Scilla bifolia var. polyphylla, Corydalis sp.
23/04/97 Antalya province. Kursunlu, on road north from the coast road
at Aksu, near Perge, to Lake Karacaoren. Alt. 360m. Terrace just above broad
river, open shade. Moist but hot. Sparse habitat. Shade: 10%; Aspect: South;
Slope: 0º; Soil pH: 9.5, River water pH 11.4; Soil Type: Limestone derived
with leaf litter. Lowest altitude population found in this area. Large leaves
40-50mm length.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with: Platanus
orientalis, Pinus brutia, Nerium oleander, Cistus salvifolius, Euphorbia
rigida, Phillyrea latifolia.
97/16T 23/04/97 Antalya province. Kursunlu, on road north from the coast
road at Aksu, near Perge, to Lake Karacaoren. Alt. 390m. Shade: 0-50%; Aspect:
South; Slope: 0º; Soil Type: Limestone derived + Platanus leaves., sandy
& silty. Flat terrace just above river level. Very open shade of
Platanus.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with: Platanus
orientalis, Quercus coccifera, Muscari sp., Arum dioscorides.
23/04/97 Antalya province. Kursunlu, on road north from the coast road
at Aksu, near Perge, to Lake Karacaoren. Alt. 860m. Shade: 0-100%; Aspect:
open; Slope: 20-70º; Soil pH: 10.5; Soil Type: Pine needle chaff over
limestone. Cyclamen growing only in limestone crevices and in shattered rock
with decomposing pine needles filtering down. No soil apparent. When rock lumps
removed, everything disappears below. No Cyclamen in open areas under pines.
Majority of leaves cordate, ie. longer than broad, unlike other populations
seen so far. Leaf pattern and brightness in general better than elsewhere.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with: Pinus brutia, Daphne
sericea, Daphne oleoides, Quercus coccifera.
23/04/97 Isparta province. Road from the Coast road near Antalya
(Kamluca) to Egirdir, near Kovada Milli Parki. Alt. 1030m. Shade: 0%; Aspect:
Northeast & Southwest; Slope: 10º; Soil Type: Heavy, derived from
limestone. On and under limestone, under Quercus coccifera. Open
Quercus plantation (no leaf), sparse.
Cyclamen
trochopteranthum growing with: Quercus sp., Quercus coccifera, Saxifraga
sp. (large), Scophulariacea.
23/04/97 Isparta province. South-southwest of Lake Kovada on road to
Sutculer, near Kovada Milli Parki. Alt. 870m. Shade: 50%; Aspect: West, south,
and east; Slope: 0-20º; Soil Type: Limestone derived, much pine chaff.
Open Pinus brutia forest with limestone outcrops and broken scree
slopes. Soil still slightly damp but drying out rapidly. Many plants in rock
crevices, but also in soil on slopes. Cordate leaves similar to site 97/17T.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with: Pinus brutia, Quercus
coccifera, Phlomis fruticosa, Juniperus sp.
23/04/97 Isparta province. Near Kovada Milli Parki and Kuzna. Alt.
1250m. Shade: 0-50%; Aspect: West Southwest; Slope: Variable 0-90º; Soil:
Limestone derived with pine needles. Vertical crevices; under roots of large
Junipers, very few in open. Moist soil and damp humousy cracks. Whole
atmosphere 'feels' damp. The deep gorge has a sizeable river at the bottom.
This is an almost pure stand of Juniperus - no Pinus.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with: Juniperus ?excelsa,
Quercus sp., Quercus coccifera, Corydalis sp., Asplenium sp., Arum sp.,
Mosses.
24/04/97 Isparta province. Egirdir to Barla road, near Barla. Alt. 990m.
Shade: 20-50%; Aspect: East; Slope: 10-30%; Soil pH: 10.2; Soil Type: Sticky,
heavy, reddish clay, limestone derived with humus from Quercus coccifera
leaves. Scattered Quercus coccifera (heavily grazed) and
Juniperus. Cyclamen in the Quercus bushes, not under
Juniperus. Occasionally in the open and in rock crevices. Quite
variable, some with a very contrasty silver pattern. Young fruits present..
Cyclamen mirabile growing with: Quercus coccifera, Crataegus sp.,
Juniperus ?excelsa, Euphorbia rigida, Ajuga, Alkanna, Hyacinthella sp.,
Ornithogalum sp., Arum sp.
25/04/97 Isparta province. In the Sutculer area, south of Kasimlar on
the road which runs south from Egirdir. Alt. 894m. Shade: 40-50%; Aspect:
Mainly south; Slope: 0-20º; Soil pH: 12.2; Soil Type: Limestone derived
humus rich soil. Cyclamen mainly in bases of deciduous bushes. Soil very moist
from recent rain. Dappled shade at time of visit, but would be dry and heavily
shaded in summer when deciduous bushes leaf out. Sudden change into warmer,
limestone 'Mediterranean' country and C. trochopteranthum re-appears.
Further north, cooler conditions on heavy clay with many streams, Primula
vulgaris, Viola sp. ?canina, etc - 'Euro-siberian' type habitat, and C.
trochopteranthum absent.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with:
Pinus brutia, Euphorbia rigida, Arum sp., Juniperus ?communis, Orchis sp.,
Ophrys sp., and a deciduous shrub, possibly Rosaceae.
25/04/97 Isparta province. In the Sutculer area, south of Kasimlar, near
Kesme. Alt. 1037m. Shade: 50%; Aspect: East; Slope: 45º; Soil pH:7.1; Soil
Type: Sandstone derived, pale brown, sticky. Cyclamen growing in dappled shade
under deciduous bushes among sandstone outcrops.
Cyclamen
trochopteranthum growing with: Crataegus (Hawthorn), Prunus sp.,
Verbascum sp., Valeriana sp.
26/04/97 Isparta province. On eastern side of Lake Egirdir, to the east
of Sofular. Same location as site 98/19T. Alt. 940m. Shade: 0% in rocks, 100%
under Quercus coccifera; Aspect: East; Slope: 20-25º; Soil pH: 6.8; Soil
Type: Moist, heavy limestone soil with humus. Sloping, scrub-dotted hillside
with flatter areas cultivated. Cyclamen confined to bases of bushes - deciduous
and evergreen. Moist heavy soil in dappled shade, some denser shade. Distinctly
'Mediterranean element' plants, but this time soil pH lower.
Cyclamen
trochopteranthum growing with: Quercus coccifera, Quercus sp., Paliurus
spina-christi, Euphorbia rigida, Muscari sp. ? M. armeriacum, Centaurea sp.,
Prunus aff. spinosum, Crataegus sp.
26/04/97 Insparta province. Between the southern tip of Lake Egirdir and
Gokcehuyuk. Alt. 110m. Aspect: South; Slope: 70º; Soil pH: 6.2; Soil Type:
Mixture of shattered sandstone overlaid with limestone and quartz intrusion.
Cyclamen growing in bases of deciduous bushes, scattered Juniperus and
Pinus. Moist, heavy soil on steep bank, drying out later. Cyclamen only
recently flowered but leaves wilting already in hot sun. Good leaves of a
generally interesting pattern although nothing spectacular.
Cyclamen
trochopteranthum growing with: Crataegus, Pinus brutia, Quercus sp.
(deciduous), Euphorbia sp. aff. wulfenii.
26/04/97 Isparta province. East of the southern tip of Lake Egirdir,
beyond site 97/25T and southeast of Gokcehuyuk. Alt. 1250m. Shade: 50-80%;
Aspect: East; Slope 10-70º; Soil pH: 6.8 (water in stream), 6.9 (soil next
to plants); Soil Type: soft, crumbling. Open hillside and fields with sparse
Quercus coccifera in gulleys. Soil moist at time of visit, sunbaked
later. Cyclamen in dappled shade. A little humus from Quercus coccifera
leaves.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with: Quercus
coccifera, Romulea crocea.
27/04/97 Isparta province. To the west of Yenisarbademli (on Lake
Beysehir), southeast of Aksu on the southeast side of the pass. Alt. 1030m.
Shade: 0-10%; Aspect: South; Slope: 20-30º; Soil pH: 8.3; Soil Type:
Derived from limestone, with pine needle chaff. Largely limestone habitat
dotted with Pinus and Juniperus. Cyclamen mainly in shade under
trees, but some in open or under rocks. Tubers shallow. Growing conditions
lush, wet at time of visit but suspected of drying out later.
Cyclamen
cilicium growing with: Juniperus ?excelsa, Pinus brutia, Quercus cerris,
Phlomis fruticosa, Euphorbia sp., Colchicum variegatum, Muscari armeniacum,
Fritillaria ?pinardii
27/04/97 Antalya province. Just south of Cevizli on the Beysehir to
Akseki road. Alt. 1060m. Shade: 20-30%; Aspect: East to South; Slope:
0-10º; Soil pH: 7.7; Soil type: Limestone derived, enriched with pine
needles (3-6cm layer). Moist soil, humid, cool atmosphere; thin cover of
vegetation beneath pines; many rocks. Cyclamen growing around rocks and beneath
trees. 'Alpine feel' to climate.
Cyclamen cilicium growing with:
Pinus ?nigra, Abies cilicia, Muscari armeniacum, Quercis sp.
(deciduous).
27/04/97 Antalya province. On Beysehir-Akseki-'coast' road, south of
Akseki. Alt. 70m Shade: 30-40%; Aspect: North, west and east; Slope 0-20º;
Soil pH: 8.4; Soil type: Moist brown-red soil, limestone derived. Cyclamen
growing mainly at the base of Quercus coccifera and Juniperus.
Moist soil, very cool - possibly frost at night still. Very variable leaf
patterns, all with rounded lobes leaving 'hole' at point of petiole.
Cyclamen cilicium growing with: Quercus coccifera, Juniperus
sp., grasses, perennial herbs.
28/04/97 Antalya province. On the Antalya to Manavgat coastal road 400,
just west of Kamluca & Aksu. Alt. 480m. Shade: 80-90%; Aspect: North;
Slope: almost vertical; Soil Type: Limestone derived soil with pine needle
litter. Cyclamen growing in almost vertical rock crevices, moist at time of
visit.
Cyclamen trochopteranthum growing with: Pinus brutia,
Phlomis, Smilax aspera, Ornithogalum obigophyllum, Rhodiola sp.,, Arum sp.,
Lathyrus sp.